Approach to dysglycemia: Do we need to treat impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose?

Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) are not only a surrogate for the state of insulin resistance but are also associated with the microvascular and macrovascular complications traditionally linked to diabetes. They predict an increased risk for death and morbidity due to cardiovascular disease.

There is growing evidence that early detection of this state of “pre-diabetes” enables us to limit these recognized complications and perhaps to halt the progression to diabetes. For all pre-diabetes patients’ life style modifications, emphasizing modest weight loss & moderate physical activity are strongly recommended. Pharmacological intervention may also be necessary. Many studies have shown several drugs, both antidiabetic and nonhypoglycemic agents to be useful. If pharmacological treatment is required, Metformin is considered the first choice because of its safety, tolerability, efficacy and low cost.