Parameters of metabolic syndrome are markers of coronary heart disease – An observational study

Abstract 

Aims

This study was undertaken to identify the parameters of metabolic syndrome which can predict cardiovascular and peripheral vascular disease.

Subject

A total of 260 subjects were selected from Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital and Research Institute (ICHRI), who reported for coronary angiogram as per advice of a cardiologist.

Method

Each subject undergoing angiogram was interviewed with a preset structured questionnaire. The study subjects were screened for PVD (peripheral vascular disease) by examining peripheral pulses and ankle brachial index measured. Subjects with absent pulse or non-recordable ankle brachial index was considered as ankle brachial index <0.9. Positive angiographic finding was defined by presence of mild to severe degree of coronary vascular narrowing of one or multiple of three coronary arteries.

Result

Among the study subjects 64.6% had metabolic syndrome, 79.2% had positive and 20.8% had normal angiographic finding. Among the CAG positive subjects 38.8% had single vessel disease, 30.0% had double vessel disease and 31.08% had triple vessel disease. CAG positive subjects are mostly 40–60years of age, 78.6% male, 54.8% smoker, 62.1% had waist circumference above normal, and about 90% have dyslipidemia and dysglycemia (DM/IGT/IFG). In this study subjects 83.9% of diabetic and 69.7% of non-diabetic had positive angiographic finding. Among the CAG positive subjects 16.6% had low ABI (<0.9).

Conclusions

This study reveals that hypertriglyceridemia, waist circumference and hypertension are significantly related with angiographic positivity. Peripheral vascular disease was not significantly higher among CAG positive subjects and no association was observed between metabolic syndrome and PVD.

Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, Coronary angiogram, Coronary artery disease